Empty/null values in fhir resources

If certain fields are not available for a practitioner resource like photo, do we have to send the photo field like {url: “”, title: “Photo not available”} or not include the field at all in the final json response? So if a field is empty, null or empty array, do we have to send the value as it is or to remove the field in the json response if it is one of the above?

you can’t write the value to empty e.g. “element” : “” - you just omit the element altogether. And you don’t write empty objects e.g. “element” : {} - you just omit the element altogether. Should you write “title” : “Photo not available” - generally, no, I would say, but there’s no single right answer for this